Mid-term Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mid-term Exam - Essay Example een association and clients or partners in the current business economy would mean making of new openings, new items and administrations for clients, investor benefit and development of the economy (Van der Weide 27). Consequently, I concur with Johnson’s see. c. Milton Friedman’s approach towards trustee obligations was increasingly viable and accepted that benefit amplification is a right technique to be socially mindful as a high-income winning organization would gives higher advantages to the general public through utilitarian work, in this way improving social government assistance. Edward Freeman, then again, would differ with Johnson’s approach towards partners. As indicated by Freeman, it is the obligation of guardian or association to satisfy all partner benefits, while Johnson has contended that partner hypothesis won't be relevant in down to earth circumstance (Johnston 30-40). d. The ethics of CSR and partner hypothesis contend that stakeholder’s advantages, for example, those of clients, laborers and representatives, ought not be undermined. Notwithstanding, significant goal of an organization’s leading body of chief is that of benefit boost, which may bargain stakeholder’s advantages or CSR of the association; for example, shutting a non-benefit organization brings about jobless specialists to the detriment of shareholder’s benefit (Freeman and Liedtka 95-98). a. In view of Kelman’s examination and further pundits by known experts, I can't help contradicting the majority of the investigation. In any case, Kelman’s examination of cost and advantage strategy is more right than wrong to certain degree. While it is imperfect as far as its appropriateness, it can at present be valuable and gainful in specific territories, for example, wellbeing and security (D’Entrà ¨ves 33). b. The maintainability of money saving advantage examination relies upon precisely assessing singular advantages and expenses. Incorrect utilization of models, over-dependence on past project’s information and data and emotional impression creates defective outcomes. Manageability of the money saving advantage examination can be

Self Introductory Speech Free Essays

Tewyner Hall Speech 101 Ms. Walton Introductory Speech Jan. 28, 2013 Interrupted at Eighteen â€Å"Where do you see yourself in ten years;† is the thing that my eleventh grade educator asked me. We will compose a custom article test on Self Introductory Speech or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now I didn’t have the smallest thought with regards to where I’d be in ten years; I just knew where I didn’t need to be. Not at all like, the entirety of my companions at the time I was the just one out of the gathering that didn’t need to turn into a grown-up; this was something that I was covertly scared of. My fantasy about remaining with my folks for an incredible remainder was unexpectedly broken at 18 years old when I discovered that I was pregnant. I was on the road to success to adulthood, something I had made a decent attempt to maintain a strategic distance from. At the point when my instructor asked me where I saw myself in ten years, I could just consider where I completely didn’t need be. I sat at my work area and envisioned myself living with my folks pregnant with a â€Å"hip baby†. I can recollect feeling a prompt chill of dissatisfaction and disguiess at the idea of permitting myself to go as far as such conditions. As a kid my dad revealed to me that being pregnant, unwed and living with your folks is one of the most humiliating and frustrating acts that you could submit towards yourself and your folks. Society regularly generalized pregnant unwed moms as simple, naïve young ladies that couldn’t keep their legs shut. I would not like to be arranged that way I was excessively keen for that. I needed to dwell inside the solace of my parents’ home childless obviously, and keep on doing whatever they advised me to accomplish for an incredible remainder. I knew precisely where I didn’t need to be yet, I was uncertain of where I was going. My adolescent years were the greatest long periods of my life. I had a huge room with one end to the other extravagant rug, a bed fit for a princess, a white vanity set for the entirety of my nail clean, a TV and a breathtaking perspective on the front and back of the house. I didn’t need to take care of any tabs or purchase food. I made some part memories work, a driver permit, a vehicle, I was charming and semi-well known. My folks were glad for me. Life was acceptable. I couldn’t comprehend why young people needed to grow up so quick. At the point when I was seventeen I told my mom that I didn’t need to turn 18 she chuckled and said â€Å"The just way you can keep yourself from turning 18 is on the off chance that you bite the dust at 17†. I feared not being sufficient I didn’t imagine that I was savvy enough to be a grown-up. Turning into a grown-up implied that you needed to pay for everything, you’d have obligations, you’d need to persevere through the day by day weights of life and in the long run understand that it’s a â€Å"cold hard world† out there. Individuals won't love and care for you like your folks In April of 1999 I hit the sack glad, content, and idealistic about my future. At the point when I woke up my fingers and lower legs where swollen, my body felt overwhelming, my stomach was strangely enormous and when I turned over yonder was a terrible beast man in my bed. I was 8 months pregnant and living at home with the dad of my unborn youngster and my folks. My bad dream had materialized. My room was incapacitated; I strolled over to the room window and murmured to myself â€Å"what a disgrace†. I was frightened and embarrassed about myself. Despite the fact that my folks attempted to shroud it I realized they were crushed. My most established sister would fuel my downturn via heedlessly shouting putting down comments to me about my circumstance. She once asked me â€Å"why you continue having babies in my mom house. † This was actually where I didn’t need be, But God had an arrangement for me. As I said before I didn’t have the smallest thought with respect to where I would be in ten years; I just knew where I didn’t need be. My youngsters were my motivation to push ahead throughout everyday life. I understood I couldn’t live with my folks for eternity. I needed to turn into a positive model for my youngsters. I made a rundown of present moment and long haul objectives for our future. With the constant help of my folks I started to grasp not exclusively being a mother however a grown-up too. That was 13 years back. In â€Å"Straighten Our Hair,† Bell Hooks, she composed â€Å"It has been distinctly as of late that I could feel reliable delight with my hair†. These sentiments help me to remember the joy and solace I felt as a kid sitting between my mother’s legs feeling the glow of her body as she brushed and meshed my hair. † Just like chime snares I in some cases think back on the occasions when I was a little youngster and the sentiments of solace, love, and fulfillment I got from my room and living with my folks. Today I am 33 years of age and I can gladly say that I am not where I need be, yet I’m a long way from where I used to be, God has sullen dealt with me. Much obliged to all of you for tuning in! The most effective method to refer to Self Introductory Speech, Papers

Foreign pronunciation Essay Example for Free

Remote elocution Essay In his book Foreign Accent: The Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Second Language Phonology, Roy C. composes that first language move is powerful and one of the most significant parts toward the starting phases of unknown dialect obtaining. (p. 31) At this point the researcher infers learning phonology, which typically happens toward the start of the course of an unknown dialect study. Another scientist, Trubetzkoy, stresses that the view of the unknown dialect is separated through the sifter of a learner’s primary language. (From Roy 2001, p. 31) In phonology this channel resultes in delivering a complement, which drew the way to express the unknown dialect close to the way to express the primary language. The models can be found in receiving English elocution all around the globe: â€Å"a French intonation might be conspicuous from word last pressure designs and uvular/R/; a German articulation by the absence of/w/â€/v/qualifications; a Spanish pronunciation by the musical attributes and absence of vowel decrease; an American inflection by the/r/and checked vowel decrease; and a Japanese intonation by the absence of r/â€/1/differentiations. † (From Roy 2001, p. 31) As per Weinreich (1953), there are various kinds of negative exchange in phonology. The specialist Weinreich proposes to separate the accompanying seven sorts: Sound Substitution. It happens when a student utilizes what could be compared to his/her native language to articulate a sound of the unknown dialect. For example, English sounds/? ? /are generally misspoke by outside students. Spanish students substitute them with dental/? ?/, French articulate/s z/rather than them; Hindi speakers utilize their retroflex/? ?/(albeit Hindi likewise has comparable sounds/? ?/). Phonological Processes. This worries all allophones and allophonic procedures. For instance, German students of English tend to devoice the last voiced consonants: ha|t| rather than ha|d|, |bik| rather than |big|. English speakers, in their turn, are bound to utilize a velarized or dim [l] for conclusive clear [l] in French or Spanish words: eel [il] rather than. il [il] â€Å"he†, 1 [el] rather than el [el] â€Å"he†. Underdifferentiation. It happens, when a student misses a few separations in remote sounds because of the way that his/her local language doesn't have these separations. For example, English has/I/and/? /, yet French students as a rule utilize one/I/for both; English/? /and/? /can be articulated as one/? /by a Portuguese speaker. Over-separation. This procedure is inverse to what under-separation is. On account of over-separation the local language of a student contains separations, which don't exist in the unknown dialect. However, as Weinreich brings up, over-separation doesn't prompt some gross phonetic mix-ups, â€Å"it brings about an alternate mental portrayal. † (From Roy 2001, p. 32) To delineate over-separation, Roy C. brings the accompanying models: â€Å"English/d/and/? /are independent phonemes while in Spanish they are allophones (/d/[? ] after vowels). An English speaker thinks about the [d] in dia â€Å"day† as an alternate sound from the [? ] in nothing â€Å"nothing, † while the Spanish speaker considers them one sound, since they are allophones of a similar phoneme. † (From Roy 2001, p. 32) Reinterpretation of Distinctions. It is connected with the hypothesis, which partitions highlights into essential and optional, or unmistakable and repetitive. For instance, in American variation of English the subjective tense/careless differentiation is essential and the quantative is auxiliary. Local English speaker doesn't hear the length of sounds, however the sound |i| in beet and bit will never be befuddled. Conversely, length in German words is essential and their quality is optional, as it is observed in bieten [bi:t? n] â€Å"to offer, and † nibbled [bit? n] â€Å"to ask†. Therefore, a German student will feel that in English words beet and bit the length is progressively significant that the nature of the vowel. Phonotactic Interference. This procedure happens when a student adjusts syllable and word structures in the unknown dialect so as to fit the examples in his/her local tongue. For instance, Brazilian Portuguese regularly articulate the words ping pong and excursion like pin[gi] pon[gi] and pic[i] nic[i] in light of the fact that the syllables |in| can not be put toward the finish of Brazilian words. Prosodic Interference. It happens, when a student substitutes prosodic examples in the unknown dialect with those of his/her primary language, regardless of the way that the prosodic examples of the two dialects are totally extraordinary. In this manner, a French understudy would mistakenly pressure the last syllables in English words in light of the fact that in his/her local language all the words have the last syllables pushed. An English understudy can articulate Chinese sentences utilizing English inflection designs. As the book Foreign Accent: The Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Second Language Phonology expresses, the finding of Weinreich, and all the comparable ones, help to foresee the zones which will cause trouble in learning an unknown dialect. Weinreich’s separation of negative exchange types provoked different inquires about on a similar point. In this way, Moulton (1962) presents blunder types (from Roy 2001, p. 33), in view of the etymological and socio-phonetic differentiations among English and German. As indicated by Moulton, while learning an outside elocution, understudies make the accompanying sorts of blunders: phonemic mistakes phonetic mistakes allophonic mistakes distributional mistakes

Should the polluter pay Essay Example

Should the polluter pay? Paper On March 16, 1978, the oil big hauler Amoco Cadiz steered into the rocks off the shoreline of France, dirtying 200 miles of coastline. In spite of the fact that fifty-9,000 tons of oil were spilled, just twenty-thousand were evacuated by refining plants. This prompted the passing of around twenty-thousand feathered creatures, 9,000 tons of clams, and harm to different species. The oil slick harmed the pink rock in close by zones, and destroyed seventy-six vacationer sea shores. The occurrence, be that as it may, could have been maintained a strategic distance from, if the commander of the boat had called a towing boat in time. This pull would have pulled his boat away from the stones, subsequently forestalling the occurrence. This model features the harm that a negative externality can have. What is an externality? It is the impact on an outsider from the utilization or arrangement of a decent or administration. There are two sorts: positive and negative. The majority of the externalities that stand out as truly newsworthy today are negative externalities, with models including various oil slicks, contamination by power organizations and others. I accept that organizations ought to be compelled to pay for the negative externalities that they cause, either as charges or being compelled to take care of the issue that they made. Each business has a commitment to guarantee the prosperity of the network inside which it works. This includes tackling or subsidizing the arrangement of the issues that they make. This is the premise of R. Edward Freeman’s article â€Å"Managing for Stakeholders. † Freeman, a savant and educator, accepts that organizations are required to be â€Å"good residents † and should endeavor to control any negative impacts as productively as could reasonably be expected. He says that overseeing for partners is tied in with giving â€Å"value † without falling back on the making of negative â€Å"tradeoffs . We will compose a custom exposition test on Should the polluter pay? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Should the polluter pay? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Should the polluter pay? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer † I concur with Freeman on this point. In the event that organizations can offer some benefit without the making of negative tradeoffs, at that point society and the organization would enormously profit. Shoppers today are considerably more socially cognizant than any time in recent memory. On the off chance that they have the chance to purchase products that are made in a socially dependable way, an incredible number will pay the additional expense. This might expand deals of the organization and thus benefits would likewise go up. The extent of most laws intended to shield the earth from business exercises is somewhat constrained. They give organizations that a restricted measure of contamination is alright. The equivalent goes for laws made to control negative externalities. Organizations ought to be compelled to bear the expenses of their negative externalities as this will constrain them to go through cash to correct their errors. While urging them to not commit similar errors once more, this will permit them to set aside cash and diminish the making of negative externalities also. My view is likewise upheld by N. Cristian Brown, a resigned law teacher and columnist, who needs the perfect organization to be a socially dependable one. Earthy colored additionally expresses that on the off chance that organizations had to pay the full expenses of working, at that point they would understand that their organizations are too huge to be gainful. Contrasting a huge organization with a dinosaur, naming it â€Å"Econosaurus Rex,† Brown gives us her faith in the ruinous idea of huge companies. She firmly feels that solitary government mediation will have the option to take care of the issue. Brown’s article is in direct difference to Gene Callahan’s article â€Å"What is an Externality? † Callahan, a creator, accepts that the free market will have the option to deal with any externalities emerging from the activity of a business or an industry. He is an adherent to Nobel Laureate Ronald Coase whose examination expresses that as long as property rights are obviously characterized, and the expense of implementing these rights is moderately low, the individuals who are influenced by this can concur with the organization on the most proficient method to disguise the externality. The individuals of the zone will know best on the best way to disguise any externality, as they are the most acquainted with their environmental factors and will be the most disposed to get them back to what they used to be. This gives them a fairly enormous stake in the authorization of property rights. In any case, the fundamental issue with property rights is that they are difficult to characterize, which is the reason they can't be actualized without any problem. For instance, if an organization contaminates a stream by dumping poisonous waste, and property rights are characterized for a specific stretch of the waterway along which a town lies, the organization will be compelled to tidy up that stretch. In any case, it is impossible that it will tidy up the remainder of the waterway, as it will bring about huge expenses for them, and it isn't legally necessary. This is the reason the utilization of property rights isn't attainable. This is the primary free market answer for this issue, and since it isn't extremely compelling, I feel that lone government mediation will work. The two principle manners by which the administration can mediate so as to control negative externalities are Pigouvian assessments and top and-exchange programs. Pigouvian charges are the more generally utilized type of government control on organizations making negative externalities. They are charges which center around exercises that cause â€Å"more damage to other people. † Taxes can be both maker side and shopper side. A case of a maker side assessment is a duty on contamination coming about because of creation and a case of a customer side expense is taxtion on parkways, which forestall blockage. These expenses are a weight on society, yet they are counterbalanced by the â€Å"the decreases they cause in exorbitant reactions of regular exercises. † These expenses would likewise create elevated levels of income, in this manner compensating for the shortage in open profit. Since Pigouvian charges are steady, they would give a proceeding with motivation to develop in techniques to lessen contamination coming about because of creation. The other significant option is a top and-exchange program. A top and-exchange program includes setting a limit for the aggregate sum of contamination, which is esteemed â€Å"acceptable,† and issues various grants which authorize that level to organizations. Firms that dirty not exactly their license permits them to, can auction the overabundance grants to different organizations. This strategy makes budgetary motivating forces for organizations to think of systems to diminish contamination, as they can pick up by auctioning off overabundance contamination stipends and lower installments for intial contamination remittances. The market based side of this permits proficient assignment of grants. On the off chance that an organization can decrease contamination requiring little to no effort, at that point it can offer its abundance grants to organizations that can't do as such. In this way, it brings about a general decrease of contamination, yet at a lower cost. Additionally, the administration gets income from the underlying sale of the licenses and by burdening the expanded benefits of the organizations that can auction their overabundance grants. There is a fascinating symptom of the top and-exchange program the USA. Various natural gatherings have approached purchasing abundance licenses, subsequently driving up the interest for grants, and consequently, the cost for grants. This makes it all the more expensive for firms to contaminate, which serves the government’s objective of lessening contamination. Be that as it may, there are some significant burdens with both these techniques that we have to battle with. The significant inconvenience of the top and exchange program is the way that it gives makers the possibility of a â€Å"acceptable† level of contamination. It likewise may misdirect society into accepting that there is a decrease in contamination, when it is just a decrease in per unit levels of creation. There is additionally an opportunity of the greater partnerships purchasing up a dominant part of the licenses, this propagating the contamination that the acquaintance of grants is attempting with diminish. Charges likewise have their own arrangement of detriments. They can regressively affect cultural salary, wherein low pay bunches need to pay the duty in the long run, prompting issues of value. It will prompt an increments in cost of merchandise that are being sold. It likewise brings up the issue of precisely the amount to burden. Be that as it may, regardless of these weaknesses, government mediation is as yet the best technique for controlling externalities. I feel that it is essential for governments to mediate so as to control negative externalities. The free market basically doesn't give enough achievable choices. The ‘polluter pays’ standard, as I would like to think, is the best approach, and organizations ought to be burdened or compelled to unravel the negative externalities that outcome from ordinary business movement. This will give a motivation to them to make a decent attempt as conceivable to decrease those externalities as well as could be expected. We should recollect, that toward the day's end, it is important to control the externalities, as they are gradually pulverizing the planet. To cite a Native American adage â€Å"We don't acquire everything of importance from our precursors, we obtain it from our children;† and it is for our kids that we should guarantee that the culprits must compensation for their offenses. Word Count: 1510 WORKS CITED 1. Earthy colored, N. Cristian. Downsizing Corporate Persons. The Daily Kos (2009). Print. 2. Callahan, Gene. What Is an Externality? The Free Market (2001). Print. 3. Candid, Robert. The most effective method to Run up a Deficit, Without Fear. New York Times 6 Dec. 2009. Print. 4. IncidentNews: Amoco Cadiz. IncidentNews: Welcome to IncidentNews! Web. 22 Mar. 2010. http://www. incidentnews. gov/episode/6241 5. Lee, Susan. The amount Is the Right to Pollute Wort

You Are What You Eat Essays - Diets, Intentional Living,

Your health will depend on the type of food you eat The type of food you eat will affect you general health, goes a popular saying. Furthermore, in the event that that is genuinely the situation, at that point a great deal of Americans would have all the earmarks of being undesirable, artificially treated, economically raised pieces of creature substance. And keeping in mind that that is definitely not an especially wonderful idea, it is in any case a portrayal of the run of the mill American omnivore who makes due on the utilization of Big Macs and steak fajitas. In any case, there are people who don't follow this American standard and have modified their eating regimens with the goal that they try not to expend any meat. These individuals are veggie lovers, and they are the new type of sound Americans who will not harm themselves with fats, cholesterol, and the other hurtful added substances that originate from meat. And keeping in mind that once thought to be a development that could never increase a lot of energy, it has in any case moved itself to the front line of Americans' solid eating regimens. The word vegan, used to depict the weight control plans of individuals who don't devour creature tissue, was most certainly not utilized until around the mid-1800s. The idea of vegetarianism, in any case, goes back a lot further. The Greek thinker Pythagoras, considered by numerous individuals to be the dad of vegetarianism, supported a non-meat diet among his supporters as an eating routine that was the most characteristic and fortifying (Messina 3). A veggie lover diet avoids the utilization of meat, and can be practiced by individuals for various reasons. The biggest larger part of people picked vegetarianism for wellbeing related reasons. For model, somebody with a ulcer may be endorsed a severe eating regimen of vegetables so as to advance the recuperating process. Or on the other hand somebody with a hazardously significant level of cholesterol may be encouraged to follow a vegan diet to bring down their fat and cholesterol admission. The corruption of devouring creature substance is another contention touted by a littler gathering of veggie lovers. R.G. Frey depicts this ethical contention for vegetarianism and the impact that meat eating may have on the character of people: A few people have come to accept and expect that, in the anguish and murdering which happens in business cultivating, we belittle ourselves, coarsen our sensitivities, dull our sentiments of compassion for our individual animals, thus start the plummet down the tricky incline of torment and passing, to a point where it gets simpler for us to examine and do the torment and murdering of people. (20) This ethical contention for vegetarianism is additionally noted by John Robbins who expresses that the affliction these creatures experience has become so extraordinary that to participate in food from these animals is to share unwittingly of the contemptible wretchedness that has been their lives(14). Be that as it may, whatever the purposes for an individual's decision to be a veggie lover, it is critical to comprehend the various weight control plans that singular veggie lovers can pick. In the most extensive feeling of the word, a veggie lover diet is an eating routine that is comprised of grains, vegetables and organic product, however does exclude any creature substance, for example, fish, pork, poultry, or meat. Yet, past these guidelines, there are numerous varieties of diet that happen inside the universe of vegetarianism. The first, and generally noticeable, classification of vegetarianism is a lacto-ovo veggie lover. Imprint Messina portrays a lact-ovo diet as ...a vegan diet (that) incorporates dairy items and eggs however no creature flesh(7). This implies there is utilization of creature results, for example, milk, eggs, or nectar, however there is no utilization of creature tissue. Another variety is the lacto-vegan diet that permits the utilization of milk and other milk items, however does exclude the utilization of eggs. What's more, as all veggie lovers, these two gatherings don't expend fish, poultry, or meat (Messina 7). Another class that veggie lovers can fall into are vegetarians. The vegetarian diet is by a long shot the most exacting of all the veggie lover eats less. As per Mark Messina, Vegans stay away from meat, fish, poultry, dairy, and eggs. There are numerous different nourishments that may not be worthy to numerous veggie lovers, in any case. Nourishments that include creature handling to any degree are frequently avoided(11). This implies veggie lovers can expend no nourishments containing creature results, for example, milk, eggs, or nectar. Being a veggie lover regularly directs an creature cordial way of life that, beside not eating whatever originated from a creature, additionally goes without from purchasing or utilizing items that were tried on creatures or are produced using creature hairs or skin, such as cowhide shoes or belts (Messina 11). A typical misguided judgment of vegans is that they are every one of the a

Free Essays on Nosferatu

Cinematics of Nosferatu In Nosferatu, the primary thing I saw was that the camera doesn’t move. With the exception of a couple of brief skillet to show the setting or the scene. At the point when one scene closes, it passes out to the following scene, or simply bounce slices in a couple of spots to an entirely unexpected subject. I think it was a direct result of the old innovation everybody moved truly quick. A case of this is the point at which the pony and surrey descend the long and twisting street from the mansion of Nosferatu. This caused it to appear to be more entertaining than authentic. There were places where the film skipped as well. I surmise that is on the grounds that it was so old. The absence of lighting made it hard to advise in some cases when it should be daytime or evening time. I know from the story that vampires just come out around evening time, however the scenes that occurred at 12 PM are lit equivalent to during the day. That was a bit of confounding. The main time I was certain beyond a shadow of a doubt was the point at which the person lit the lamp and it was more splendid than the effectively brilliant foundation. In any case, it caused little impact to the genuine to feel of the film like great lighting can do in a cutting edge film. Like a dim scene didn’t fundamentally foretell malicious. Despite the fact that this film was quiet, it wasn’t difficult to watch. The on-screen characters depicted what was happening admirably without utilizing exchange. The parts we needed to peruse weren’t too long either. Each character kind of had their signature music. Generally the music followed what was happening entirely well. At the point when things moved quick, the beat of the music expanded, and there was expanded discord for anticipation. I just heard three audio cues in the entire film. One was the point at which the clock struck 12 PM, the others were the rooster crowing at first light, and the drummer out in the avenues declaring the plague had shown up. Or if nothing else I think that’s what he was doing. Be that as it may, that’s a really lousy activity. At the point when they needed to stress something they would either focus in on it like the book o... Free Essays on Nosferatu Free Essays on Nosferatu Cinematics of Nosferatu In Nosferatu, the primary thing I saw was that the camera doesn’t move. With the exception of a couple of brief skillet to show the setting or the scene. At the point when one scene closes, it passes out to the following scene, or simply hop slices in a couple of spots to a very surprising topic. I think it was a direct result of the old innovation everybody moved truly quick. A case of this is the point at which the pony and surrey descend the long and twisting street from the palace of Nosferatu. This caused it to appear to be more entertaining than conceivable. There were places where the film skipped as well. I surmise that is on the grounds that it was so old. The absence of lighting made it hard to advise in some cases when it should be daytime or evening time. I know from the story that vampires just come out around evening time, yet the scenes that occurred at 12 PM are lit equivalent to during the day. That was a touch of confounding. The main time I was certain beyond a shadow of a doubt was the point at which the person lit the light and it was more splendid than the effectively brilliant foundation. In any case, it caused little impact to the real to feel of the film like great lighting can do in an advanced film. Like a dim scene didn’t fundamentally anticipate fiendish. Despite the fact that this film was quiet, it wasn’t difficult to watch. The on-screen characters depicted what was happening admirably without utilizing discourse. The parts we needed to peruse weren’t too long either. Each character kind of had their signature music. Generally the music followed what was happening quite well. At the point when things moved quick, the beat of the music expanded, and there was expanded cacophony for tension. I just heard three audio cues in the entire film. One was the point at which the clock struck 12 PM, the others were the rooster crowing at first light, and the drummer out in the roads declaring the plague had shown up. Or if nothing else I think that’s what he was doing. However, that’s a quite lousy activity. At the point when they needed to underscore something they would either focus in on it like the book o...

Describe How To Motivate Employees In An Organization - 550 Words

Describe How To Motivate Employees In An Organization (Essay Sample) Content: Motivating EmployeesName:Institution Affiliation:Motivating EmployeesIntroductionIn any organization or business venture, the key objective is to ensure employees are motivated to improve productivity and reduce turnover. According to research, more than 30% of employees globally do not feel motivated in their careers or the workplace due to factors such as micromanagement, job insecurity, poor communications and disagreements with coworkers. It goes without saying that, motivated employees are more productive and innovative. Innovation is an essential in producing quality goods and services. Therefore, it is the role of managers to ensure they create an enabling environment that inspires and motivates employees to work hard and try new better ideas.According to Pink (2010), in the book, The surprising truth about what motivates us, the author discuss the strategies and measures that management should put in place to drive workers to feel job satisfaction in the workp lace. Appreciating and rewarding employees will drive them to keep the hard work and improve production. A working environment that motivates employees through promotion, personal recognition and commendation will encourage employees and changes the attitude towards work. Besides, effective communication in the workplace is essential in motivating the employees (Gentry et al., 2014). A proper communication channel between the management and staff will help the workers know they are valued and are part of the group. Moreover, communications lead to better decision making and conflict management between coworkers. Managers should be welcoming and create an enabling environment where employees are free to share their thoughts and opinion on the development of the organization.Another thing that motivates workers is realistic workload and space to perform the normal duties. In many organization, employees are micromanaged and given excess workload that burdens them and in the process lo se motivation and the will to accomplish the task efficiently. Management should give each employee a manageable task and allow freedom to tackle the job without constant supervision. Pink (2010) argues that creation of a pleasant environment motivates workers to be creative and innovate better ways of performing tasks in the organization improving quality and profits. Moreover, a conducive environment to perform work is essential in motivating employees. Management should ensure there are safe working conditions for workers such as clean air, proper lighting, good food and other incentives to ensure employees are satisfied and continue to stay in the firm. Motivation reduces employees turnover and makes workers feel valued and part of the organization.Challenges and SolutionsThe biggest problem faced in motivating employees is the diversity in the workplace. Every group of workers from different origin, race, religion and sexuality has personal factors that motivate them. It become s challenging for management to identify the factors that will collectively inspire and motivates employees to feel satisfied. Besides, lack of capital undermines the efforts...

Diversity Essay Samples

Diversity Essay SamplesThere are several different ways to prepare your college-level diversity essay samples. Some students do this by selecting hundreds of essays from the many publications online. They then select the best ones and use them to write the college level diversity essay that will be required in their specific class. It is also possible to simply find your own essay samples, but sometimes it is easier to find samples from books or from popular websites that can be used as a guide.The first thing to remember when choosing your college-level diversity essay sample is to pick an essay that you find interesting. You will not want to write a boring or dry essay. You will also want to make sure that you keep to the style guide that was used for the paper that you are writing for college.The question that many students find is whether or not to use a variety of essay formats for their college-level diversity essay. A good way to do this is to use them to get your ideas writte n out. Using this format allows you to easily check and change the words or topics that you want changed. This is especially useful if you are working on multiple sections of the paper.You should make sure that you choose the best college level diversity essay samples for your specific assignment. The best thing to do is to check out the essay samples on sites like LiveScience.com, Wikipedia.org, etc. These sites allow you to type in the words or phrases that you want changed and then check the spelling and the correctness of the words.These essay samples allow you to see what are the common mistakes that are found. There are times when people simply write incorrect information in their essays. Not only does this happen in college, but also in the workplace. If you want to find a sample that is written correctly then you should check out thefree essays that are available through the internet.Many of the essay samples that are found online do not allow for the writer to change the wo rds that they use. In this case, you will want to visit a website where you can type in a phrase and have it checked for grammar and usage. If there are any mistakes then you will want to correct them before you submit your essay.There are a lot of reasons why you would want to use college-level diversity essay samples. If you want to improve your writing skills, then these are excellent resources that you should consider.

Arthur Schopenhauer s Suicide As An Experiment - 1719 Words

Arthur Schopenhauer describes suicide as an experiment, a question that man puts to nature and demands an answer. The majority of those who commit suicide don’t have Schopenhauer s idea of experimentation in mind, but rather their mind is clouded by depression and stress. Suicide is not a danger that disproportionately affects the expected teen and young adults, but it has sunk its teeth into an unlikely demographic, and the way to combat this beast is still unclear. The most classically expected group to commit suicide in numbers much higher than the rest of the population are those that are teenagers and young adults. Suicide rates in middle aged men have witnessed a sharp increase, the baby boomers have become the surprising group to be affected by suicide most, even outnumbering teenagers and the elderly (Parker-Pope). The group of baby boomers who is now most prone to suicide has actually had higher rates of suicide across their entire lives (Phillips). The newest discovery that the group who is now most likely to commit suicide should logically be the happiest and some of the most mature, but for various reasons the middle aged have become the most at risk for suicide. With about 30 out of 100,000 middle aged men committing suicide compared to about 11 in 100,000 teens and young adults committing suicide, experts have been analyzing why such a sharp increase has occurred amongst those in midlife, and why it is so much larger than the group of young people who are

Wave Energy System

Sample details Pages: 18 Words: 5306 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? 1.0 Executive Summary The offshore ocean wave energy resource, as a derivative form of solar energy, has considerable potential for making a significant contribution to the alternative usable energy supply.Wave power devices are generally categorized by the method used to capture the energy of the waves. They can also be categorized by location and power take-off system. The energy extraction methods or operating principles can be categorized into three main groups; (1) Oscillating water Column (OWC) (2) Overtopping Devices (OTD) (3) Wave Activated Bodies (WAB); Locations are shoreline, near shore and offshore. This report discusses about Terminator wave energy devices which extend perpendicular to the direction of wave travel and capture or reflect the power of the wave. These devices are typically onshore or near shore; however, floating versions have been designed for offshore applications. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Wave Energy System | Engineering Dissertations" essay for you Create order 2.0 Introduction Traditional sources of energy such as oil, gas, and coal are non-renewable. They also create pollution by releasing huge quantities of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. In contrast, waves are a renewable source of energy that doesnt cause pollution. The energy from waves alone could supply the worlds electricity needs. The total power of waves breaking on the worlds coastlines is estimated at 2 to 3 million megawatts. In some locations, the wave energy density can average 65 megawatts per mile of coastline. The problem is how to harness wave energy efficiently and with minimal environmental, social, and economic impacts. Ocean waves are caused by the wind as it blows across the open expanse of water, the gravitational pull from the sun and moon, and changes in atmospheric pressure, earthquakes etc. Waves created by the wind are the most common waves and the waves relevant for most wave energy technology. Wave energy conversion takes advantage of the ocean waves caused primarily by the interaction of winds with the ocean surface. Wave energy is an irregular oscillating low-frequency energy source. They are a powerful source of energy, but are difficult to harness and convert into electricity in large quantities. The energy needs to be converted to a 60 or 50 Hertz frequency before it can be added to the electric utility grid. Part of the solar energy received by our planet is converted to wind energy through the differential heating of the earth. In turn part of the wind energy is transferred to the water surface, thereby forming waves. While the average solar energy depends on factors such as local climate and latitude, the amount of energy transferred to the waves and hence their resulting size depends on the wind speed, the duration of the winds and the duration over which it blows. The most energetic waves on earth happen to be between 30 degrees to 60 degrees latitude, in general the waves generated are stronger on the southern parts of the countries (John brook, ECOR). Wave power devices extract energy directly from the surface motion of ocean waves or from pressure fluctuations below the surface. Wave power varies considerably in different parts of the world, and wave energy cant be harnessed effectively everywhere. It has been estimated that if less than 0.1% of the renewable energy available within the oceans could be converted into electricity, it would satisfy the present world demand for energy more than five times over. A variety of technologies are available to capture the energy from waves. Wave technologies have been designed to be installed in near shore, offshore, and far offshore locations. Offshore systems are situated in deep water, typically of more than 40 meters (131 feet). Types of power take-off include: hydraulic ram, elastomeric hose pump, pump-to-shore, hydroelectric turbine, air turbine and linear electrical generator. Some of these designs incorporate parabolic reflectors as a means of increasing the wave energy at the point of capture. 3.0 Type of Wave Energy Converters Ocean waves represent a form of renewable energy created by wind currents passing over open water. Many devices are being developed for exploiting wave energy. The energy extraction methods or operating principles can be categorized into three main groups (Harris Robert E. et al.): Oscillating Water Columns (OWC) Waves cause the water column to rise and fall, which alternately compresses and depressurize an air column. The energy is extracted from the resulting oscillating air flow by using a Wells turbine Overtopping Devices (OTD) Ocean waves are elevated into a reservoir above the sea level, which store the water. The energy is extracted by using the difference in water level between the reservoir and the sea by using low head turbines Wave Activated Bodies (WAB) Waves activate the oscillatory motions of body parts of a device relative to each other, or of one body part relative to a fixed reference. Primarily heave, pitch and roll motions can be identified as oscillating motions whereby the energy is extracted from the relative motion of the bodies or from the motion of one body relative to its fixed reference by using typically hydraulic systems to compress oil, which is then used to drive a generator. The wave activated bodies (WABs) can be further categorized in sub-groups describing the energy extraction by the principle motion of the floating body (heave, pitch and roll). A variety of technologies have been proposed to capture the energy from waves based on above extraction methods; Some of the technologies that have been the target of recent developmental efforts and are appropriate for the offshore applications being considered are terminators, attenuators and point absorbers (U.S. Department of the Interior, May 2006). Figure 1: Schematic drawings of WEC devices for operating principles and principal locations(Harris Robert E. et al.) The many different types of wave energy converters (WECs) can be classified in to various ways depending on their horizontal size and orientation. If the size is very small compared to the typical wavelength the WEC is called a point absorber. In contrast if the size is comparable to or larger than the typical wavelength, the WEC is known as line absorber, this can also be referred to as terminator or attenuator. A WEC is called terminator or attenuator if it is aligned along or normal to the prevailing direction of the wave crest respectively (John brook, ECOR). The relationship between the three main classifications Principal Location Operating Principle Directional Characteristic: These classifications are shown in Figure 2, presenting the possible operating principles for the location and the directional characteristics. At the shoreline the only feasible operating principles are oscillating water columns and overtopping devices, which are terminators. Figure shows that at near shore and offshore, point absorber or attenuator devices can only be WABs, whilst for terminator devices all three categories of the operating principles are possible. OWCs and OTDs are static energy converters of the terminator kind. As a result their mooring has to be stiff, restraining modes of motions but allowing for adjustment towards a parallel wave approach and for tidal ranges. The station keeping requirements for the mooring of wave activated bodies can be either static or dynamic. Figure 2: Possible operating principles for the principal location and directional characteristic 3.1 Attenuators Attenuators are long multi-segment floating structures oriented parallel to the direction of the wave travel. The differing heights of waves along the length of the device causes flexing where the segments connect, and this flexing is connected to hydraulic pumps or other converters (U.S. Department of the Interior, May 2006). 3.2 Point Absorbers Point absorbers have a small horizontal dimension compared with the vertical dimension and utilize the rise and fall of the wave height at a single point for WEC (Harris Robert E. et al.). It is relatively small compared to the wave length and is able to capture energy from a wave front greater than the physical dimension of the absorber (James, 2007). The efficiency of a terminator or attenuator device is linked to their principal axis being, according, parallel or orthogonal to the incoming wave crest. The point absorber does not have a principal wave direction and is able to capture energy from waves arriving from any direction. As a consequence the station keeping for the terminator and attenuator has to allow the unit to weathervane into the predominant wave direction, but this is not necessary for the point absorber (Harris Robert E. et al.). 3.3 Terminators A Terminator has its principal axis parallel to the incident wave crest and terminates the wave. These devices extend perpendicular to the direction of wave travel and capture or reflect the power of the wave. The reflected and transmitted waves determine the efficiency of the device (Harris Robert E. et al.). These devices are typically installed onshore or near shore; however, floating versions have been designed for offshore applications. (U.S. Department of the Interior, May 2006). There are mainly two types in Terminator WEC. 3.3.1 Oscillating Water Columns (OWC) The oscillating water column (OWC) is a form of terminator in which water enters through a subsurface opening into a chamber with air trapped above it. The wave action causes the captured water column to move up and down like a piston to force the air through an opening connected to a turbine (U.S. Department of the Interior May 2006). The device consists essentially of a floating or (more usually) bottom-fixed structure, whose upper part forms an air chamber and whose immersed part is open to the action of the sea. The reciprocating flow of air displaced by the inside free surface motion drives an air turbine mounted on the top of the structure. 3.3.1.1 Efficiency of Oscillating Water Column (OWC) The efficiency of oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy devices are particularly affected by flow oscillations basically for two reasons. (1) Because of intrinsically unsteady (reciprocating) flow of air displaced by the oscillating water free surface. (2) Because of increasing the air flow rate, above a limit depending on, and approximately proportional to, the rotational speed of the turbine, is known to give rise to a rapid drop in the aerodynamic efficiency and in the power output of the turbine. A method which has been proposed to partially circumvent this problem consists in controlling the pitch of the turbine rotor blades in order to prevent the instantaneous angle of incidence of the relative flow from exceeding the critical value above which severe stalling occurs at the rotor blades (see Gato and Falcao, 1991). Although considered technically feasible (Salter, 1993) this has never been implemented at full scale owing to mechanical difficulties. Alternately, the flow rate through the turbine can be prevented from becoming excessive by equipping the device with air valves. Two different schemes can be envisaged, in the first one, the valves are mounted between the chamber and the atmosphere in parallel with the turbine (by-pass or relief valves, on or near the roof of the air chamber structure) and are made to open (by active or passive control) in order to prevent the overpressure (or the under pressure) in the chamber to exceed a limit which is defined by the aerodynamic characteristics of the turbine at its instantaneous speed. In the second scheme a valve is mounted in series with the turbine in the duct connecting the chamber and the atmosphere. Excessive flow rate is prevented by partially closing the valve. In both schemes, the air flow through the turbine is controlled at the expense of energy dissipation at the valves. Theoretically the two methods, if properly implemented, are equivalent from the point of view of limiting the flow rate through the turbine. However, the resulting pressure changes in the chamber are different (reduction and increase in pressure oscillations in the first and second cases, respectively). Consequently the hydrodynamic process of energy extraction from the waves is differently modified by valve operation in the two control methods. The main purpose of this work is to analyse theoretically the performance of an OWC wave energy device when valves are used to limit the flow through the turbine. Both schemes are considered and compared: a valve (or a set of valves) mounted in parallel with the turbine (by-pass or relief valve) or a valve mounted in the turbine duct. The hydrodynamic analysis is done in the time domain for regular as well as for irregular waves. The spring-like effect due to the compressibility of the air is taken into account and is discussed in some detail. Realistic characteristics are assumed for the turbine. Numerical results are presented for simple two-dimensional chamber geometry for whose hydrodynamic coefficients analytical expressions are known as functions of wave frequency. 3.3.2 Overtopping Devices (OTD) Overtopping devices have reservoirs that are filled by impinging waves to levels above the average surrounding ocean. The released reservoir water is used to drive hydro turbines or other conversion devices. Overtopping devices have been designed and tested for both onshore and floating offshore applications. It gathers the energy by waves overtopping into a raised reservoir, and extracting this by draining the water through low head turbines. OTD consists of three main elements: Two wave reflectors. Attached to the central platform these act to focus the incoming waves. The main platform. This is a floating reservoir with a doubly curved ramp facing the incoming waves. The waves overtop the ramp which has a variable crest freeboard 1 to 4 m and underneath the platform open chambers operate as an air cushion maintaining the level of the reservoir. Hydro turbines. A set of low head turbines converts the hydraulic head in the reservoir (Tedd James et al., 2005) 3.3.2.1 Overtopping theory The theory for modeling overtopping devices varies greatly from the traditional linear systems approach used by most other WECs. A linear systems approach may be used with overtopping devices. This considers the water oscillating up and down the ramp as the excited body, and the crest of the ramp as a highly non-linear power take off system. However due to the non-linearities it is too computationally demanding to model usefully. Therefore a more physical approach is taken. Figure 4 shows the schematic of flows for the Wave Dragon. Depending on the current wave state (HS, Tp) and the crest freeboard Rc(height of the ramp crest above mean water level, MWL) of the device, water will overtop into the reservoir Qovertopping. The power gathered by the reservoir is a product of this overtopping flow, the crest freeboard and gravity. If the reservoir is over filled when a large volume is deposited in the basin there will be loss from it Qspill. To minimize this, the reservoir level h must be kept below its maximum level hR. The useful hydraulic power converted by the turbines is the product of turbine flow Qturbine, the head across them, water density and gravity (Tedd James et al., 2005). In coastal engineering the average flow Q is converted into non dimensional form by dividing by the breadth of the device b, gravity g and the significant wave height HS: In the case of the floating OTD it has been seen that there is a dependency on the wave period. The dominant physical explanation for this is the effect of energy passing beneath the draft of the structure. Figure 6 Layout of OTD 3.3.2.2 Wave Reflector Wings One of the most distinctive aspects of the Overtopping WEC is the long slender wings mounted to the front corners of the reservoir platform. These are designed to reflect the oncoming waves towards the ramp. A wider section of wave is available to be exploited with only a moderate increase in capital cost. The overtopping volume in a wave is very dependent on the wave height; therefore by providing only a moderate increase in height, much more energy can overtop the ramp. In order to choose the correct lengths, angles, and position of these wings extensive computer modelling is used. Secondary bonuses of the presence of the wave reflector wings include: better weather-vaning performance to face the waves, lower peak mooring forces, and improved horizontal stability of the main platform. As the aft and rear mooring attachment points are separated further, the yaw of the platform is more stable. Therefore the device will not turn away from the predominant wave direction, and will also realign itself faster as when the wave direction changes (Tedd James et al., 2005). Lastly the reflectors wings act as stabilisers to the device. As they float under their own buoyancy they counteract any list of the platform. This is important as the more horizontal the platform is kept the less water is spilt and so the more efficient the device operation. 3.3.2.3 Low Head Turbines and Power Train Turbine operating conditions in a WEC are quite different from the ones in a normal hydro power plant. In the OTD, the turbine head range is typically between 1.0 and 4.0 m, which is on the lower bounds of existing water turbine experience. While there are only slow and relatively small variations of flow and head in a river hydro power plant, the strong stochastic variations of the wave overtopping call for a radically different mode of operation in the OTD. The head, being a function of the significant wave height, is varying in a range as large as 1:4, and the discharge has to be regulated within time intervals as short as ten seconds in order to achieve a good efficiency of the energy exploitation (Tedd James et al., 2005). On an unmanned offshore device, the environmental conditions are much rougher, and routine maintenance work is much more difficult to perform. Special criteria for the choice and construction of water turbines for the WEC have to be followed; it is advisable to aim for constructional simplicity rather than maximum peak efficiency. Figure 6 shows the application ranges of the known turbine types in a graph of head H vs. rotational speed nq. The specific speed nq is a turbine parameter characterizing the relative speed of a turbine, thus giving an indication of the turbines power density. Evidently, all turbine types except the Pelton and the cross flow type are to be found in a relatively narrow band running diagonally across the graph. Transgressing the left or lower border means that the turbine will run too slowly, thus being unnecessarily large and expensive. The right or upper border is defined by technological limits, namely material strength and the danger of cavitations erosion. The Pelton and the cross-flow turbine do not quite follow these rules, as they have a runner which is running in air and is only partially loaded with a free jet of water. Thus, they have a lower specific speed and lower power density. Despite its simplicity and robustness, the cross flow turbine is not very suitable for OTD applications (Tedd James et al., 2005). Figure 7 Head range of the common turbine types, Voith and Ossberger 3.3.2.4 Performance in Storms Survivability is essential, and Overtopping devices are naturally adapted to perform well in storm situations, where the wave will pass over and under the device with no potential end-stop problems. 3.3.2.5 Wave Prediction Performance of almost all wave energy converters can be improved with prediction of the incoming waves. The cost to implement would be low as the control hardware is typically in place, only the measuring system and improved control techniques need to be developed. To explain the concept behind the device a simple example can be used. If a measurement of some wavelengths ahead of the wave energy converter shows large waves passing, then at a given time later this energy will be incident on the device. The control of the device can then be altered quickly to extract this larger energy, e.g. by increasing hydraulic resistance to an oscillators motion allowing more energy to be captured within the stroke length, or by draining the reservoir of an overtopping device to allow for a large overtopping volume(Tedd James et al., 2005). The challenges are threefold; to implement a system for measuring the waves approaching the ramp, to accurately transform this into usable input for the control systems, and to construct new control strategies to make the best use of this. The standard approach for performing such deterministic sea-state prediction involves discrete frequency domain techniques. This is computationally intensive, as the two Fourier transforms must be made to convert from the time domain to the frequency domain and return to the time domain. 3.4 Energy Capture and Practical Limits The power captured from waves by the primary mechanical conversion (before secondary conversion to electrical power) can be related to the energy in the incoming waves over a certain width. Theoretical values have been established in some cases. For a heaving axi-symmetric body the maximum capture width is the inverse of the wave number. The capture width is often compared to the front width of the device. This width ratio can be larger than one for a point absorber with small dimensions compared to the wavelength. Viscous effects reduce efficiency. For an OWC, Wang et al. (2002) found that the capture width ratio may reach a value of 3 and above at an optimum wave period. For Pelamis, Retlzler et al. (2001) found a capture width up to 2 in regular waves and around one in random seas (Specialist Committee V.4, 2006). A continuous or a semi discrete array of wave energy converters acting as an absorbing wall perpendicular to the wave direction is called a terminator and its capture width equals the width of the device and is not related to the length of the incident waves. As the wave conditions are stochastic, the tuning parameters of the energy converters are compromises between the optimum values at various sea conditions. The capture width must be established for each sea state. Fixed devices are subject to sea level variation according to tidal effects. This is critical for fixed oscillating water columns and fixed overtopping systems whose performances are dependent on the mean sea level. The intake of an OWC must be located at an optimised design level from the mean free surface. The height of an overtopping system is also optimised for sea states occurring at a given mean sea level. Therefore, sites with minimal tide are preferred. From this point of view floating devices are more suitable. The immersion of a floating device can also be tuned with respect to the actual sea state. For instance the Wave Dragon overtopping device is partially floating on air chambers and its draught can be modified (Specialist Committee V.4, 2006). The performance of the overtopping device is sensitive to the distribution of the overtopping rate. The more variable the overtopping flow into the reservoir, the larger the capacity of the reservoir and turbines must be to achieve the same performance. 4.0 Mooring Requirements The two major requirements for a WEC mooring are to withstand the environmental and other loadings involved in keeping the device on station, and to be sufficiently cost effective so that the overall economics of the device remain viable. The following list shows the requirements that need to be considered for WEC moorings systems (Harris Robert E. et al.): The primary purpose of the mooring system is to maintain the floating structure on station within specified tolerances under normal operating load and extreme storm load conditions. The excursion of the device must not permit tension loads in the electrical transmission cable(s) and should allow for suitable specified clearance distances between devices in multiple installations. The mooring system must be sufficiently compliant to the environmental loading to reduce the forces acting on anchors, mooring lines and the device itself to a minimum; unless the stiffness of the mooring itself is an active element in the wave energy conversion principle used. All components must have adequate strength, fatigue life and durability for the operational lifetime, and marine growth and corrosion need to be considered. A degree of redundancy is highly desirable for individual devices, and essential for schemes which link several devices together. The system as a whole should be capable of lasting for 30 years or more, with replacement of particular components at no less than 5 years. The mooring must be sufficient to accommodate the tidal range at the installation location. The mooring system should allow the removal of single devices without affecting the mooring of adjacent devices. Removal of mooring lines for inspection and maintenance must be possible. The mooring must be sufficiently stiff to allow berthing for inspection and maintenance purposes. Contact between mooring lines must be avoided. The mooring should not adversely affect the efficiency of the device, and if it is part of an active control system it must also be designed dynamically as part of the overall WEC system. Revenues from WECs, in comparison to the offshore industry, are smaller and their economics more strongly linked to the location, installation costs and down time periods. The mooring system has an important impact on the economics and it is necessary to provide, at low installation cost, a reliable system that has little downtime and long intervals between maintenance. The suitability of design approaches from the offshore industry for WECs are ranked in Appendix I (Harris Robert E. et al.). 5.0 Environmental Considerations Conversion of wave energy to electrical or other usable forms of energy is generally anticipated to have limited environmental impacts. However, as with any emerging technology, the nature and extent of environmental considerations remain uncertain. The impacts that would potentially occur are also very site specific, depending on physical and ecological factors that vary considerably for potential ocean sites. As large-scale prototypes and commercial facilities are developed, these factors can be expected to be more precisely defined (U.S. Department of the Interior, May 2006). The following environmental considerations require monitoring (U.S. Department of the Interior, May 2006). Visual appearance and noiseare device-specific, with considerable variability in visible freeboard height and noise generation above and below the water surface. Devices with OWCs and overtopping devices typically have the highest freeboard and are most visible. Offshore devices would require navigation hazard warning devices such as lights, sound signals, radar reflectors, and contrasting day marker painting. However, Coast Guard requirements only require that day markers be visible for 1 nautical mile (1.8 km), and thus offshore device markings would only be seen from shore on exceptionally clear days. The air being drawn in and expelled in OWC devices is likely to be the largest source of above-water noise. Some underwater noise would occur from devices with turbines, hydraulic pumps, and other moving parts. The frequency of the noise may also be a consideration in evaluating noise impacts. Reduction in wave height from wave energy converterscould be a consideration in some settings; however, the impact on wave characteristics would generally only be observed 1 to 2 km away from the WEC device in the direction of the wave travel. Thus there should not be a significant onshore impact if the devices were much more than this distance from the shore. None of the devices currently being developed would harvest a large portion of the wave energy, which would leave a relatively calm surface behind the devices. It is estimated that with current projections, a large wave energy facility with a maximum density of devices would cause the reduction in waves to be on the order of 10 to 15%, and this impact would rapidly dissipate within a few kilometers, but leave a slight lessening of waves in the overall vicinity. Little information is available on the impact on sediment transport or on biological communities from a reduction in wave height offshore. An isolated impact, such as reduced wave height for recreational surfers, could possibly result. Marine habitatcould be impacted positively or negatively depending on the nature of additional submerged surfaces, above-water platforms, and changes in the seafloor. Artificial above-water surfaces could provide habitat for seals and sea lions or nesting areas for birds. Underwater surfaces of WEC devices would provide substrates for various biological systems, which could be a positive or negative complement to existing natural habitats. With some WEC devices, it may be necessary to control the growth of marine organisms on some surfaces. Toxic releasesmay be of concern related to leaks or accidental spills of liquids used in systems with working hydraulic fluids. Any impacts could be minimized through the selection of nontoxic fluids and careful monitoring, with adequate spill response plans and secondary containment design features. Use of biocides to control growth of marine organisms may also be a source of toxic releases. Conflict with other sea space users, such as commercial shipping and fishing and recreational boating, can occur without the careful selection of sites for WEC devices. The impact can potentially be positive for recreational and commercial fisheries if the devices provide for additional biological habitats. Installation and Decommissioning: Disturbances from securing the devices to the ocean floor and installation of cables may have negative impacts on marine habitats. Potential decommissioning impacts are primarily related to disturbing marine habitats that have adapted to the presence of the wave energy structures. 6.0 Discussions A vast number of parameters influence (and interact with) the net power production from any WEC: Overtopping, determined by Free-board (adjustable in Wave Dragons) Actual wave height Physical dimension of the converter (ramps, reflectors etc. Outlet, determined by Size of reservoir Turbine design Turbine on/off strategy Mooring system, free or restricted orientation toward waves Size of the energy converter Wave climate Energy in wave front (kW/m) Distribution of wave heights Availability Theoretical availability; Reliability, maintainability, serviceability Accessibility on the site Maintenance strategy In general terms wave energy generation has the following advantages and disadvantages. Advantages: The energy is free no fuel is needed and no waste is produced Not expensive to operate and maintain Can produce a significant amount of energy. Disadvantages: Depends on the waves variable energy supply Needs a suitable site, where waves are consistently strong Some designs are noisy Must be able to withstand very rough weather Costly to develop Visual impact if above water or on shore Can disturb or disrupt marine life including changes in the distribution and types of marine life near the shore Poses a possible threat to navigation from collisions due to the low profile of the wave energy devices above the water, making them undetectable either by direct sighting or by radar May interfere with mooring and anchorage lines with commercial and sport-fishing May degrade scenic ocean front views from wave energy devices located near or on the shore, and from onshore overhead electric transmission lines. 7.0 Conclusion Despite inventors actively making systems to capture power from the waves, for the last two centuries, there is still not a wide application of wave energy devices as power generators. The availability of devices to fit different applications is not the problem the technology is definitely there. The reality is that the only long term problem is making the technology work at a cost of power which a consumer is willing to pay. The system will work itself out. The price of fossil fuel generation will become more and more expensive and wave generated power will fall in price. One of the biggest difficulties is in introducing a new, fledgling technology into a commercial market dominated by subsidised low cost fossil fuel and nuclear generation. 8.0 References HARRIS ROBERT E., JOHANNING LARS WOLFRAM JULIAN Mooring systems for wave energy converters: A review of design issues and choices. JAMES, T. (2007) Testing, Analysis and Control of Wave Dragon, Wave Energy Converter. Civil Engineering. Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark, Aalborg University. SPECIALIST COMMITTEE V.4 (2006) Ocean Wind and Wave Energy Utilization. 16th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress, 1. TEDD JAMES, KOFOED JENS PETER FRIIS-MADSEN ERIK (2005) Renovation of the Wave Dragon Nissum Bredning Prototype. Department of Civil Engineering. Aalborg, Aalborg University. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (May 2006) Technology White Paper on Wave Energy Potential on the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. Minerals Management Service Renewable Energy and Alternate Use Program Appendix I: Possible Mooring Configurations And Suitability For Wave Energy Converter The wording high, medium and low is mainly used to describe the suitability of these mooring configurations in relation to safe station keeping and moderate installation costs.

Essay on The Odyssey and the Epic of Gilgamesh - 847 Words

The Odyssey and The Epic of Gilgamesh (Similarities and Differences) Both The Odyssey and the Epic of Gilgamesh are two incredible stories written long ago everyone knows this but what a lot of people dont is that these two epics share many of the same concepts. Such as the nostro (the Greek term for homecoming), xenis (guest/host relationship), oikos (household), and aganoriss (recognition). In both epics these themes are illustrated. In The Odyssey the theme of nostro is very prevalent in this epic. Basically the whole story is based around this concept. The main character Odysseus whole goal in the book is his homecoming. Along his journey he faces many challenges separating him from his home Ithaca and his family.†¦show more content†¦He then stays with him and is treated like a guest. It seems in this epic xenis does not play as an important role as it does in The Odyssey. Therefore this is where these two would differ. Much of the Odyssey is based upon this theme. Another theme oikos is integrated into the Odyssey. The household in this epic seems to be an important structure in the relationship between Odysseus, Penelope, and their son Telemachus. After all it is their household that is threatened by the suitors and leads Telemachus to search for the truth about the whereabouts of his father. Also the peril of the suitors exhausting Odysseus resources and household drive him to kill the suitors. Which also plays into the story well. To me it seems as though these themes play more of a role in this epic. Okios is represented differently in the epic. It is apparent that in this epic the household is held as less important due to the fact that Gilgamesh corrupts other households by sleeping with the virgins before they are married, an abuse of power. It is not held to as high a standard as it is in the Odyssey. Not say Odysseus does stray from his wife but Gilgamesh makes a point of it. It is not until the end when he realizes the importance of family and ht household. The last of the themes that appear in the Odyssey is the theme of recognition, or aganoriss. Recognition is essential to Odysseus whenShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Odyssey1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh and the Odysseus both are poems that have since early times been viewed as stories that teach the reader valuable life lessons, almost like a self-help book in today’s society. They both teach a lot of the same general lessons but there are some key similarities and differences throughout both works. Such as perseverance, and the inevitability of death are both lessons that are taught in each poem but they are presented to the reader through different interpretations. In theRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Odyssey Essay790 Words   |  4 Pagestaken by characters as a tool to exhibit the alteration of the character’s nature. Examples of such can be found in The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey. The journeys undertaken in The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey were transformative experiences for the characters in each and provided valuable cultural insights to the audience. At the start of The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is the arrogant ruler of the city Uruk. He is obsessed with immortality, which can be seen in the description of himRead MoreThe Odyssey And The Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay1193 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it comes to the realm of epic poetry, and hero-like characters in literature, the two works The Odyssey and the Epic of Gilgamesh can be compared and contrasted in different ways. The Odyssey and the Epic of Gilgamesh can be compared as expressions of searches for the meaning of life through knowledge. The two stories are somewhat mirrors in this manner. Throughout each story, the characters Odysseus and Gilgamesh show growth and change. The Odyssey can be summed up by stating how the greatRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Odyssey1765 Words   |  8 Pagesand how their values have been passed down and evolved over time. The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey are both considerable representations of not only their unique cultures that set the very foundation of both civilization and storytelling, but also for their similar and different aspects of what they considered to be a hero. The most familiar structure to mythological stories such as the Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey is that of a â€Å"tragic plot†. A tragic plot is a perfect plot that is connectedRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Odyssey888 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent, it makes a comparison of Gilgamesh and Odysseus an interesting subject. Both stories, â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh† and â€Å"The Odyssey† identify the characters as successful warriors with many adventures to be told. Gilgamesh and Odysseus are human with many god-like qualities. Their perception of immortality, as well as regard for death and the influences of the gods in their lives and adventures, are similar; however, the characters are quite different. Gilgamesh was two-thirds God and one-thirdRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Odyssey1487 Words   |  6 Pagesliterary pieces. In both the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Odyssey, water is used as a symbol that represents complex ideas, and it plays a significant role throughout both literary pieces. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, water is mainly used to symbolize life and death as well as rebirth or baptism. In several of Gilgamesh’s dreams water is used as a symbol that represents life. An example of this is when Gilgamesh and Enkidu journey into the forest to kill Humbaba. In one dream Gilgamesh dreams that Enkidu andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh And Odyssey Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesmisogyny into stone. There are some exceptional cases in the famous epic poems, the Epic of Gilgamesh of the Sumerians and Akkadians and the Odyssey from Homer of the Greeks. We all can agree that these epic poems or at most the authors did not view women with our modern perspective – equality among gender. However, we cannot deny that female characters helped set the path of the epic heroes’ journey to their goals. In these epic poems, women are portrayed as figures and themes of knowledge, motherhoodRead MoreThe Iliad, Odyssey, And Epic Of Gilgamesh1466 Wo rds   |  6 PagesThe Iliad, Odyssey, and Epic of Gilgamesh all demonstrate the transformational process of their respective epic heroes through their strengths and weaknesses. Epic heroes such as Achilles, Odysseus, and Gilgamesh all possessed superior qualities that separated them from other individuals. Although their incredible abilities may support the societal perception of strong leadership, their weaknesses caused these characters to hold vices that went against the cultural expectations of what a strong leaderRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh, The Odyssey, And Beowulf854 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the â€Å"Epic of Gilgamesh†, â€Å"Oedipus the King†, â€Å"The Odyssey†, and â€Å"Beowulf†, the readers notice how society defines each main character by their heroic characteristics, the relationship between the humans and the divine, and the differences of how each hero’s journey ends. Gilgamesh, Oedipus, Odysseus, and Beowulf display several characteristics classifying themselves as heroes. In the story of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is â€Å"two-thirds divine and one-third human† (Gilgamesh, par 2). He displaysRead MoreSymbolism : The Epic Of Gilgamesh, And The Odyssey870 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to texts such as The Epic of Gilgamesh, the Hebrew Bible, and The Odyssey, symbolism plays a major role in understanding a piece of literature’s true intentions. This would explain the abundance of distinct character features, exaggerated scenarios, and countless approaches to new, bigger problems in these tales. But one of the most favored approaches to symbolism and interpretations seems to be through the way of dreams. Due to their unpredictable nature, dreams allow authors to take

Human Trafficking Is A Global Problem Essay - 894 Words

Introduction Human Trafficking is defined by Merriam – Websters dictionary , as the organized criminal activity in which human beings are treated as possessions to be controlled and exploited as by being forced into prostitution or involuntary labor . Human trafficking is one of the fastest growing trans national organized criminal activities generating an estimated $ 32 billion in annual revenue 2013 ( Wikipedia.)In the sex industry side of human trafficking a single girl can earn her pimp up to staggering 250,000 dollars a year. Human trafficking is a massive global problem that has not only many reasons people are trafficked, but several root causes that aid traffickers in pulling victims in . There is an estimated 27 million adults and 13 million children who are the victims of human trafficking (randomfacts.com.) When you hear the term human trafficking most people s first thought is the sex slave aspect of human trafficking . While this is the most common reason for trafficking humans, there is also the forced labor and organ harvesting side of this criminal activity . All the aspects of this horrid crime need to be discussed to fully understand the problem . First and most common is the sex industry . Ludwig â€Å"Tarzan† Fainbrg , a convicted trafficker , said, â€Å" You can buy a woman for $ 10,000 and make your money back in a week ifShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking Is A Global Problem1207 Words   |  5 Pagesextensively in the past and during our time on the United Nations Security Council to combat injustices around the globe and also to help nations in need. Some of the issues that our government has been especially focused on i nclude the prevention of human trafficking, whether or not admit Palestine, Kosovo, and Taiwan to the United Nations, and which nation should have domain over the South China Sea. We have worked extensively to determine the best course of action regarding these issues, including reviewingRead MoreHuman Trafficking: A True Global Problem1856 Words   |  7 Pagesremnants of the past that, while abhorrent, still exist. In some countries children are married as early as 9 years old, 7 year olds are put to work in factories, human organs are harvested and sold to the highest bidder, and slavery and trafficking in human beings remain global problems (Heiner, 2007). Sex trafficking is a global problem. Between ä »â€" to 2 million women and children are smuggled across borders each year for the purposes of sexual slavery. Surprisingly, after the fall of the Soviet UnionRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Global Problem With Tremendous Social Impacts1902 Words   |  8 Pages Human Trafficking Jeremey Kruger Grantham University Abstract Human trafficking is a global problem with tremendous social impacts. Millions become and/or victims of human trafficking each year, yet many do not understand what human trafficking means. Quantitative data, collect by different agencies, is used to prove that human trafficking is a problem. Qualitative data is sued to define and explain human trafficking. The result of this research indicate that human traffickingRead MoreThe Global Problem of Human Trafficking and What Some Countries Are Doing About It1164 Words   |  5 Pages Human trafficking forces millions against their will to beg, prostitute, or work in sweatshops for the profit of others. It is a crime against humanity that affects almost every country. The definition of human trafficking according to the book â€Å"Trafficking in Human$† is, the recruitment and transportation of human beings through deception and coercion for the purposes of exploitation. Human trafficking is an on-going issue with negative eff ects on individuals and society. Under the umbrellaRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Global Phenomenon That Does Not Recognize National Borders1589 Words   |  7 Pagesdone to Combating Human Trafficking? Human trafficking is a global phenomenon that does not recognize national borders. Realizing the serious consequences of the human toll, the U.S government has spent $55 million in 50 countries on anti-trafficking programs designed to help indigenous non-government organizations and, international organizations law enforcements officials and foreign governments prevent human trafficking, and restore victims to society. If human trafficking is going to be stoppedRead MoreGlobal Crime Analysis1134 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Crimes Analysis University of Phoenix Cynthia Butler CJA/394 April 16, 2012 This paper will identify the various major global crimes and criminal issues that affect national and international criminal justice systems and processes. 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Once imprisoned the victims are told they now have large debtsRead MoreThe Globalization Of Human Trafficking990 Words   |  4 Pageswill define the globalization of human trafficking through the context of the United States as a first world nation and extension of this problematic issue in European nations, such as Russia and in the Baltic region. The first world status of the United States provides a context in which human trafficking has become a major problem when defining domestic markets for criminal organizations. However, the U.S. provides an exa mple of the impact of human trafficking that occurs on a much wider scaleRead MoreThe Global North And Global South Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pages These two groups are: The Global North and the Global South. The separation between the two lays in the different socio-economic and political standings of the nations within them. The Global North is composed of the primary, developed leaders, such as the United States, Australia, and European Union. On the other side of the economic and political spectrum lies the Global South, which is composed primarily of Third World nations. According to The Politics of Global Economic Relations and InternationalRead MoreHuman Trafficking Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking, or the selling and buying of people, is a well-hidden yet prominent issue within today’s society. It is both an immoral and horrific topic that needs brought to attention and dealt with. When human beings are manipulated into work, sexual servitude, or ec onomic hardship, human trafficking is occurring. In the year of 2006, only one individual is convicted of human trafficking per 800 victims (UNGIFT). By looking at straight statistics, reasons human trafficking happens, and the

Arizona Concrete Essay Example For Students

Arizona Concrete Essay ARIZONA CONCRETEJohn McCollamGeology 101, Section 12262Randy Porch20 November 1996ARIZONA CONCRETEAccording to the Mine Faculty at the University of Arizona, cement is manufactured primarily from suitable limestone and shale rocks. Arizona had two dry-process cement plants in 1969, namely the Arizona Portland Cement Company plant in Pima County, near Tucson, and the American Cement Corporation plant at Clarkdale, in Yavapai County (52-53). The use of cementing materials goes back to the ancient Egyptians and Romans, but the invention of modern portland cement is usually attributed to Joseph Aspdin, a builder in Leeds, England, who obtained a patent for it in 1824. Currently, the annual world production of portland cement is around 700 million metric tons (Danbury). Many people use the words concrete and cement interchangeably, but they=re not. Concrete is to cement as a cake is to flour. Concrete is a mixture of ingredients that includes cement but contains other ingredients also (Day 6-7). Portland cement is produced by pulverizing clinker consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates along with some calcium aluminates and calcium aluminoferrites and usually containing one or more forms of calcium sulfate (gypsum) as an interground addition. Materials used in the manufacture of portland cement must contain appropriate proportions of calcium oxide, silica, alumina, and iron oxide components. During manufacture, analyses of all materials are made frequently to ensure a uniformly high quality cement. Selected raw materials are crushed, milled, and proportioned in such a way that the resulting mixture has the desired chemical composition. The raw materials are generally a mixture of calcareous (calcium oxide) material, such as limestone, chalk or shells, and an argillaceous (silica and alumina) material such as clay, shale, or blast-furnace slag. Either a dry or a wet process is used. In the dry process, grinding and blending operations are done with dry materials. In the wet process, the grinding and blending are done with the materials in slurry form. In other respects, the dry and wet processes are very much alike. After blending, the ground raw material is fed into the upper end of a kiln. The raw mix passes through the kiln at a rate controlled by the slope and rotational speed of the kiln. Burning fuel (powdered coal, oil, or gas) is forced into the lower end of the kiln where temperatures of 2600F to 3000F change the raw material chemically into cement clinker, grayish-black pellets about the size of 1/2-in.-diameter marbles. The clinker is cooled and then pulverized. During this operation a small amount of gypsum is added to regulate the setting time of the cement. The clinker is ground so fine that nearly all of it passes through a No. 200 mesh (75 micron) sieve with 40,000 openings per square inch. This extremely fin gray powder is portland cement (Kosmatka and Panarese 12-15). Dany Seymore of Show Low Ready Mix said that the cement used by Show Low Ready Mix is trucked in by Apex Freight Company and comes from the cement plant in Clarkdale, Arizona, now know as Phoenix Cement. Their aggregate comes from Brimhall Sand and Rock in Snowflake, Arizona. Show Low Ready Mix uses Fly Ash from the A.P.S. power plant just out side of Joseph City, Arizona, in their cement. The mixtures they use are as follows:Silicia DioxideCement 21% Ash 62%Aluminum TrioxideCement 4%Ash 23%Ferric OxideCement 3%Ash 6%Calcium OxideCement 64%Ash 3.5%Mag. OxideCement 2.5%Ash 1.2%Sulfur TrioxideCement 3%Ash .2%These combine to make:1. Tricalcium silicate C3S2. Dicalcium silicate C2S3. Tricalcium aluminate C3A4. Tetracalcium aluminoferrite C4AF1 and 2 make up 75% of cement. 1 and 2 plus H2O equal CSH (Calcium Silicate Hydrate) which is the glue. Fly Ash is C3S plus C2S which equals Calcium hydrazide which is a white stuff and water soluble. Calcium Hydrazide and Fly Ash equal CSH. .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b , .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .postImageUrl , .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b , .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:hover , .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:visited , .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:active { border:0!important; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:active , .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubf708910504e97e39d29594bd3f3a62b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philippine Typhoons EssayThe winter and summer mixtures are different due to the weather conditions. For winter, Fly Ash is not used because it inhibits the set time of the concrete. Also used is accelerators to help the concrete set faster. A material called Fibermesh is used in the concrete for reinforcement and to control cracking as the concrete sets. Mr. Seymore also states that heat and moisture are the main components to make concrete set up. The concrete

Challenges the World Faces free essay sample

Each one of us endeavours to ensure a safer and better world to our children. However, in our attempt to grow rapidly, our activities and practices have an impact on our planet which is not conducive for a sustainable livelihood. There are numerous and complex challenges confronting us today which need to be addressed on a priority basis. We have polluted the atmosphere, contaminated the soil and water and destroyed the habitats of several species leading to their extinction. Climate change is now a accepted reality. As per scientists, the global average temperatures have already increased by 0. 8oC and if we continue with our current emission patterns we will continue to have rising sea levels and reseeding coastlines. Countries need to integrate their efforts and look beyond political boundaries and work towards solutions that will bring change. The entire gamut of threats that confront us today is not restricted to the environment but spreads across several sectors. We will write a custom essay sample on Challenges the World Faces or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each country needs to identify areas which cause environmental degradation, poverty, loss of life due to war and civil strife, religious fanaticism and use all their knowledge and resources to promote education, social security, healthcare, disaster management, nuclear disarmament and efforts to resolve conflicts through dialogue. We need to educate our children to love each other and be appreciative of the other regional faiths and cultural values. Fuelled by economic growth and development, industrialisation and expansion, increasing population and rising tendency of urban migration, the global energy demand has increased dramatically and this trend expected to continue over the next several decades. At the current rate of consumption patterns, the fossil fuel reserves will be soon exhausted. There is an urgent need to identify and develop technologies to tap the renewable sources of energy. The biggest challenge that we face today is that we fail to look beyond our immediate boundaries. The need of the hour is to recognize that the only option for a better future or even any future is to reorient our minds and actions and function as citizens of planet Earth not only as Indians, Europeans or Americans or affiliated to any religious faith. We also need to have an equitable distribution and consumption of resources. It is sad that a person’s future is governed by the place where he or she is born. The developed nations can take initiatives to assist their economically challenged brethren for a better tomorrow. I believe that tomorrow is only a possibility until we make it happen. All we have is the past to learn from, beautiful minds to dream and the present to seed the future. We need to appreciate one another and to love our planet to make it a better place in the times to come. Further, it is rightly said â€Å"Be the change that you want to see in the world†. Let us all contribute in our own small ways to give our children a quality of life similar to ours if not better.